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We investigate the validity and robustness of the Barthelemy et al. (2018)breaking wave onset prediction framework for surface gravity water waves inarbitrary water depth, including shallow water breaking over varyingbathymetry. We show that the Barthelemy et al. (2018) breaking onset criterion,which they validated for deep and intermediate water depths, also segregatesbreaking crests from non-breaking crests in shallow water, with subsequentbreaking always following the exceedance of their proposed generic breakingthreshold. We consider a number of representative wave types, includingregular, irregular, solitary, and focused waves, shoaling over idealized bedtopographies including an idealized bar geometry and a mildly- tosteeply-sloping planar beach. Our results show that the new breaking onsetcriterion is capable of detecting single and multiple breaking events in timeand space in arbitrary water depth. Further, we show that the new genericcriterion provides improved skill for signaling imminent breaking onset,relative to the available kinematic or geometric breaking onset criteria in theliterature. In particular, the new criterion is suitable for use inwave-resolving models that cannot intrinsically detect the onset of wavebreaking.

A unified breaking onset criterion for surface gravity water waves in arbitrary depth