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In this paper, a method of rendering aerial haptics that uses an aerodynamicvortex and focused ultrasound is presented. Significant research has beenconducted on haptic applications based on multiple phenomena such as magneticand electric fields, focused ultrasound, and laser plasma. By combiningmultiple physical quantities; the resolution, distance, and magnitude of forceare enhanced. To combine multiple tactile technologies, basic experiments onresolution and discrimination threshold are required. Separate user studieswere conducted using aerodynamic and ultrasonic haptics. Moreover, theperception of their superposition, in addition to their resolution, was tested.Although these fields cause no direct interference, the system enables thesimultaneous perception of the tactile feedback of both stimuli. The results ofthis study are expected to contribute to expanding the expression of aerialhaptic displays based on several principles.

Sonovortex: Aerial Haptic Layer Rendering by Aerodynamic Vortex and Focused Ultrasound