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The ever-growing field of microfluidics requires precise and flexible controlover fluid flow at the micro- and nanoscales. Current constraints demand avariety of controllable components for performing different operations insideclosed microchambers and microreactors. In this context, novel nanophotonicapproaches can significantly enhance existing capabilities and provide newfunctionalities via finely tuned light-matter interaction mechanisms. Here wepropose a novel design, featuring a dual functionality on-chip: boostedoptically-driven particle diffusion and nanoparticle sorting. Our methodologyis based on a specially designed high-index dielectric nanoantenna, whichstrongly enhances spin-orbit angular momentum transfer from an incident laserbeam to the scattered field. As a result, exceptionally compact, subwavelengthoptical nanovortices are formed and drive spiral motion of peculiar plasmonicnanoparticles via the efficient interplay between curled spin optical forcesand radiation pressure. The nanovortex size is an order of magnitude smallerthan that provided by conventional beam-based approaches. The nanoparticlesmediate nano-confined fluid motion enabling nanomixing without a need of movingbulk elements inside a microchamber. Moreover, precise sorting of goldnanoparticles, demanded for on-chip separation and filtering, can be achievedby exploiting the non-trivial dependence of the curled optical forces on thenanoobject size. Altogether, this study introduces a versatile platform forfurther miniaturization of moving-part-free, optically driven microfluidicchips for fast chemical synthesis and analysis, preparation of emulsions, orgeneration of chemical gradients with light-controlled navigation ofnanoparticles, viruses or biomolecules.

Nanovortex-driven all-dielectric optical diffusion boosting and sorting concept for lab-on-a-chip platforms