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The unique properties of suspensions containing both active (self-propelling)and passive matter, arising from the nonequilibrium nature of these systems,have been widely studied (e.g., enhanced diffusion, phase separation, anddirected motion). Despite this, our understanding of the specific roles playedby the relevant parameters of the constituent particles remains incomplete. Forinstance, to what extent are the velocity and density of swimmers qualitativelydistinguishable when it comes to the resultant properties of the suspension asa whole, and when are they merely two different realizations of the same thing?Through the use of numerical simulations, containing both steric andhydrodynamic interactions, we investigate a new parameter, the effective energydensity, and its ability to uniquely describe the dynamics and properties of ahybrid system of active and passive particles, including the rate of pairformation and the energy distribution amongst different constituent elements.This parameter depends on both the density and the swimming velocity of theactive elements, unifying them into a single variable that surpasses thedescriptive ability of either alone.

Effective energy density determines the dynamics of suspensions of active and passive matter