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This study proposes a novel stochastic model for the study of hyposmotichemolysis. This model is capable of reproducing both the kinetics in thetransient phase and the lysis equilibrium in the stationary phase, as well asthe variability of the experimental measurements. The stationary distributionof this model can be approximated to a normal distribution, with mean andvariance related to the salt concentration used in the erythrocyte osmoticfragility assay. The proposed model can generalize the classical Boltzmannsigmoidal model often used in adjusting the stationary experimental datadistribution. A typical osmotic fragility curve is constructed from theabsorbance of free hemoglobin as a function of the decrease in NaCl (X)concentration and allows the determination of H50, an osmotic fragilityvariable that represents the saline concentration capable of promoting 50%lysis, and dX, an osmotic stability variable that represents 1/4 of thevariation in salt concentration required to promote 100% lysis. Based on thestationary distribution of the proposed model it is possible to stratify apopulation into different groups of individuals with similar levels of cellstability. These groups are very suitable to study the factors associated withcell stability, such as gender, age and lipids, among others. The methodpresented here was applied to a sample of 71 individuals and several resultswere obtained. In a group of 25 female subjects, with H50 values between 0.42and 0.47 g/dL NaCl, for example, the use of a quadratic model to study thedependence of the stability index dX/H50 with blood LDL-cholesterol levels,showed that the erythrocyte osmotic stability increases with increasing LDL-Cto a maximum value close to 90 mg/dL and then decreases.

Stochastic modeling of hyposmotic lysis and characterization of different osmotic stability subgroups of human erythrocytes