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Today's scientific research is an expensive enterprise funded largely bytaxpayers' and corporate groups' monies. It is a critical part in thecompetition between nations, and all nations want to discover fields ofresearch that promise to create future industries, and dominate these bybuilding up scientific and technological expertise early. However, ourunderstanding of the value chain going from science to technology is still in arelatively infant stage, and the conversion of scientific leadership intomarket dominance remains very much an alchemy rather than a science. In thispaper, we analyze bibliometric records of scientific journal publications andpatents related to graphene, at the aggregate level as well as on the temporaland spatial dimensions. We find the present leaders of graphene science andtechnology emerged rather late in the race, after the initial scientificleaders lost their footings. More importantly, notwithstanding the amount offunding already committed, we find evidences that suggest the 'Golden Eras' ofgraphene science and technology were in 2010 and 2012 respectively, in spite ofthe continued growth of journal and patent publications in this area.

The Golden Eras of Graphene Science and Technology: Bibliographic Evidences From Journal and Patent Publications