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Multichannel imaging -- the ability to acquire images of an object throughmore than one imaging mode simultaneously -- has opened interesting newperspectives in areas ranging from astronomy to medicine. Visible optics andmagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offer complementary advantages of resolution,speed and depth of penetration, and as such would be attractive in combination.In this paper, we take first steps towards marrying together optical and MRimaging in a class of biocompatible particulate materials constructed out ofdiamond. The particles are endowed with a high density of quantum defects(Nitrogen Vacancy centers) that under optical excitation fluoresce brightly inthe visible, but also concurrently electron spin polarize. This allows thehyperpolarization of lattice 13C nuclei to make the particles over three-ordersof magnitude brighter than in conventional MRI. Dual-mode optical and MRimaging permits immediate access to improvements in resolution andsignal-to-noise especially in scattering environments. We highlight additionalbenefits in background-free imaging, demonstrating lock-in suppression byfactors of 2 and 5 in optical and MR domains respectively. Ultimate limitscould approach as much as two orders of magnitude in each domain. Finally,leveraging the ability of optical and MR imaging to simultaneously probeFourier-reciprocal domains (real and k-space), we elucidate the ability toemploy hybrid sub-sampling in both conjugate spaces to vastly acceleratedual-image acquisition, by as much as two orders of magnitude in practicallyrelevant sparse-imaging scenarios. This is accompanied by a reduction inoptical power by the same factor. Our work suggests interesting possibilitiesfor the simultaneous optical and low-field MR imaging of targeted diamondnanoparticles.

High contrast dual-mode optical and 13C magnetic resonance imaging in diamond particles