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The electric power generation mix of ISO New England (ISO-NE) isfundamentally changing. Nuclear, coal, and oil generation facilities areretiring while natural gas, solar, and wind generation are being adopted toreplace them. Variable renewable energy (VREs) such as solar and wind presentmultiple operational challenges that require new and innovative changes to howthe electricity grid is managed and controlled. Within the context of a NewEngland case study, this paper looks at ways in which the water supply systems(water and wastewater treatment), and water dependent electricity generatingresources (hydro, and thermal power plants) can be operated flexibly to helpbalance energy in an evolving grid. The study's methodology employs the novelbut now well published Electric Power Enterprise Control System (EPECS)simulator to study the electric power systems operation, and the System-LevelGeneric Model (SGEM) to study the associated water consumption and withdrawals.This work studies six potential 2040 scenarios for the energy-water nexus ofthe ISO-NE system. It presents a holistic analysis that quantifies power systemimbalances, normal operating reserves, energy market production costs, andwater withdrawal and consumption figures. For scenarios with a high penetrationof VREs, the study shows great potential of water resources to enhance gridflexibility through the provision of load-following, ramping, and regulationreserves by water resources. The work also provides significant insights on howto jointly control the water and energy supply systems to aid in theirsynergistic integration.

An Enterprise Control Assessment Case Study of the Energy-Water Nexus for the ISO New England System