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Anatomy of the human brain constrains the formation of large-scale functionalnetworks. Here, given measured brain activity in gray matter, we interpolatethese functional signals into the white matter on a structurally-informedhigh-resolution voxel-level brain grid. The interpolated volumes reflect theunderlying anatomical information, revealing white matter structures thatmediate functional signal flow between temporally coherent gray matter regions.Functional connectivity analyses of the interpolated volumes reveal an enrichedpicture of the default mode network (DMN) and its subcomponents, including howwhite matter bundles support their formation, thus transcending currently knownspatial patterns that are limited within the gray matter only. Thesesubcomponents have distinct structure-function patterns, each of which aredifferentially recruited during tasks, demonstrating plausible structuralmechanisms for functional switching between task-positive and -negativecomponents. This work opens new avenues for integration of brain structure andfunction and demonstrates how global patterns of activity arise from acollective interplay of signal propagation along different white matterpathways.

Structural mediation of human brain activity revealed by white-matter interpolation of fMRI