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Conventional approaches to sound localization and separation are based onmicrophone arrays in artificial systems. Inspired by the selective perceptionof human auditory system, we design a multi-source listening system which canseparate simultaneous overlapping sounds and localize the sound sources inthree-dimensional space, using only a single microphone with a metamaterialenclosure. The enclosure modifies the frequency response of the microphone in adirection-dependent way by giving each direction a signature. Thus, theinformation about the location and audio content of sound sources can beexperimentally reconstructed from the modulated mixed signals using compressivesensing algorithm. Owing to the low computational complexity of the proposedreconstruction algorithm, the designed system can also be applied in sourceidentification and tracking. The effectiveness of the system in multiple realscenarios has been proved through multiple random listening tests. The proposedmetamaterial-based single-sensor listening system opens a new way of soundlocalization and separation, which can be applied to intelligent scenemonitoring and robot audition.

Sound Localization and Separation in Three-dimensional Space Using a Single Microphone with a Metamaterial Enclosure