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Relational database applications are notoriously difficult to test and debug.Concurrent execution of database transactions may violate complex structuralinvariants that constraint how changes to the contents of one (shared) tableaffect the contents of another. Simplifying the underlying concurrency model isone way to ameliorate the difficulty of understanding how concurrent accessesand updates can affect database state with respect to these sophisticatedproperties. Enforcing serializable execution of all transactions achieves thissimplification, but it comes at a significant price in performance, especiallyat scale, where database state is often replicated to improve latency andavailability. To address these challenges, this paper presents a novel testingframework for detecting serializability violations in (SQL) database-backedJava applications executing on weakly-consistent storage systems. We manifestour approach in a tool named CLOTHO, that combines a static analyzer and amodel checker to generate abstract executions, discover serializabilityviolations in these executions, and translate them back into concrete testinputs suitable for deployment in a test environment. To the best of ourknowledge, CLOTHO is the first automated test generation facility foridentifying serializability anomalies of Java applications intended to operatein geo-replicated distributed environments. An experimental evaluation on a setof industry-standard benchmarks demonstrates the utility of our approach.

CLOTHO: Directed Test Generation for Weakly Consistent Database Systems