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This paper addresses the fundamental science question: "How does solar windenergy flow through the Earth's magnetosphere, how is it converted anddistributed?". We need to understand how the Sun creates the heliosphere, andhow the planets interact with the solar wind and its magnetic field, not justas a matter of scientific curiosity, but to address a clear and pressingpractical problem: space weather, which can influence the performance andreliability of our technological systems, in space and on the ground, and canendanger human life and health.  Much knowledge has already been acquired over the past decades, but theinfant stage of space weather forecasting demonstrates that we still have avast amount of learning to do. We can tackle this issue in two ways: 1) Byusing multiple spacecraft measuring conditions in situ in the magnetosphere inorder to make sense of the fundamental small scale processes that enabletransport and coupling, or 2) By taking a global approach to observations ofthe conditions that prevail throughout geospace in order to quantify the globaleffects of external drivers.  A global approach is now being taken by a number of space missions underdevelopment and the first tantalising results of their exploration will beavailable in the next decade. Here we propose the next step-up in the quest fora complete understanding of how the Sun gives rise to and controls the Earth'splasma environment: a tomographic imaging approach comprising two spacecraftwhich enable global imaging of magnetopause and cusps, auroral regions,plasmasphere and ring current, alongside in situ measurements. Such a missionis going to be crucial on the way to achieve scientific closure on the questionof solar-terrestrial interactions.

Exploring Solar-Terrestrial Interactions via Multiple Observers (A White Paper for the Voyage 2050 long-term plan in the ESA Science Programme)