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We have become heavily reliant on electrical technologies, from power gridsto GPS to wireless communication. Any disruption of these systems will havesevere global consequences. A major natural hazard for such electricaldisruption is caused by solar wind disturbances that have dramatic geospaceimpact.Estimates are that a solar storm of the magnitude of the 1859 CarringtonSolar Superstorm would cause over $2 trillion in damage today. In July 23,2012, we had a near miss of a solar Superstorm that could have broken therecord of largest such storms at Earth. To enable pre-emptive measures,developing accurate space weather forecasts is urgent. At the core of spaceweather forecasts is plasma physics, and kinetic turbulence, in particular. Forexample, the intense turbulence stirred up at the bow shock and foreshock havebeen shown to open up pathways for high velocity solar wind parcels to bypassthe protective shield of the terrestrial magnetosphere and create disturbancesin the ionosphere and lower atmosphere. A primary challenge in understandingkinetic turbulence and its global implications is its multi-scale nature,spanning from electron scales to macro scales of the magnetosphere. Currentfour-spacecraft missions with 3D formations, the Magnetospheric Multiscale(MMS) and Cluster, have made progress in our understanding of such turbulence.Yet the limitation of a fixed spacecraft formation size at a given timeprohibits probing the multi-scale nature as well as the dynamical evolution ofthe phenomena. A transformative leap in our understanding of turbulence isexpected with in-situ probes populating a 3D volume and forming multiple'n-hedrons (n > 4)' in MHD to kinetic scales.

Challenges and the next transformative steps in understanding plasma turbulence from the perspective of multi-spacecraft measurements