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In this work, for the first time, we tackle channel estimation design withpilots in the context of covert wireless communication. Specifically, weconsider Rayleigh fading for the communication channel from a transmitter to areceiver and additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) for the detection channelfrom the transmitter to a warden. Before transmitting information signals, thetransmitter has to send pilots to enable channel estimation at the receiver.Using a lower bound on the detection error probability, we first prove thattransmitting pilot and information signals with equal power can minimize thedetection performance at the warden, which is confirmed by the minimumdetection error probability achieved by the optimal detector based onlikelihood ratio test. This motivates us to consider the equal transmit powerin the channel estimation and then optimize channel use allocation betweenpilot and information signals in covert wireless communication. Our analysisshows that the optimal number of the channel uses allocated to pilots increasesas the covertness constraint becomes tighter. In addition, our examinationshows that the optimal percentage of all the available channel uses allocatedto channel estimation decreases as the total number of channel uses increases.

Pilot-Based Channel Estimation Design in Covert Wireless Communication