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Lower limb amputees often suffer skin and tissue problems from using theirprosthesis which is a challenging biomechanical problem. The finite elementmethod (FEM) has previously been applied to analyse internal mechanicalconditions of the leg at prosthesis use. However, the representation of softtissue was simplified to few layers and tissue types. The effects of such asimplification of human tissue is still unclear and the results from simplifiedmodels may be misleading. Thus, comparisons of the effects of using five versussix tissue types were performed on a transtibial cross section model exposed tothree different socket designs. Skin, fat, vessels and bones were definedseparately while muscle and fascia tissues were separate or merged. Nonlinearbehaviour and friction between socket and skin were considered in thesimulations. Contact forces as well as internal stresses and strains of eachtissue type differed in both magnitude and maxima site for each material setwithin and between the different prosthetic socket conditions. Relative changesof stresses and strains by several hundred percent were found when fascia andmuscle material properties were merged compared to when they were modelledseparately. Thus, the level of tissue detail needs to be considered whencreating limb models and interpreting results of related FEM simulations.Keywords: mechanical condition, finite element, soft tissue, material property,contact, prosthesis

Comparison of mechanical conditions in a lower leg model with 5 or 6  tissue types while exposed to prosthetic sockets applying finite element  analysis