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Research into cascading failures in power-transmission networks requiresdetailed data on the capacity of individual transmission lines. However, thesedata are often unavailable to researchers. As a result, line limits are oftenmodelled by assuming they are proportional to some average load. Littleresearch exists, however, to support this assumption as being realistic. Inthis paper, we analyse the proportional-loading (PL) approach and compare it totwo linear models that use voltage and initial power flow as variables. Inconducting this modelling, we test the ability of artificial line limits tomodel true line limits, the damage done during an attack and the order in whichedges are lost. we also test how accurately these methods rank the relativeperformance of different attack strategies. We find that the linear models arethe top-performing method or close to the top in all tests. In comparison, thetolerance value that produces the best PL limits changes depending on the test.The PL approach was a particularly poor fit when the line tolerance was lessthan two, which is the most commonly used value range in cascading-failureresearch. We also find indications that the accuracy of modelling line limitsdoes not indicate how well a model will represent grid collapse. In addition,we find evidence that the network's topology can be used to estimate thesystem's true mean loading. The findings of this paper provide an understandingof the weaknesses of the PL approach and offer an alternative method ofline-limit modelling.

Don't go chasing artificial waterfalls: Simulating cascading failures in the power grid and the impact of artificial line-limit methods on results