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A complete, fundamental understanding of the proton must include knowledge ofthe underlying spin structure. The transversity distribution,$h_1\left(x\right)$, which describes the transverse spin structure of quarksinside of a transversely polarized proton, is only accessible through channelsthat couple $h_1 \left(x\right)$ to another chiral odd distribution, such asthe Collins fragmentation function ($\Delta^ND_{\pi/q^\uparrow}\left(z,j_T\right)$). Significant Collins asymmetries ofcharged pions have been observed in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering(SIDIS) data. These SIDIS asymmetries combined with $e^+e^-$ processasymmetries have allowed for the extraction of $h_1\left(x\right)$ and$\Delta^N D_{\pi/q^\uparrow}\left(z,j_T\right)$. However, the currentuncertainties on $h_1\left(x\right)$ are large compared to the correspondingquark momentum and helicity distributions and reflect the limited statisticsand kinematic reach of the available data. In transversely polarized hadroniccollisions, Collins asymmetries may be isolated and extracted by measuring thespin dependent azimuthal distributions of charged pions in jets. This thesiswill report on the first statistically significant Collins asymmetriesextracted from $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV hadronic collisions using $14$ pb$^{-1}$ oftransversely polarized proton collisions at 57% average polarization.

Studying Transverse Momentum Dependent Distributions in Polarized Proton Collisions Via Azimuthal Single Spin Asymmetries of Charged Pions in Jets