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Alternative intersection designs (AIDs) can improve the performance of anintersection by not only reducing the number of signal phases but also changethe configuration of the conflicting points by re-routing traffic. However theAID studies have rarely been extended to Connected and Automated Vehicle (CAV)which is expected to revolutionize our transportation system. In this study, weinvestigate the potential benefits of CAV to two AIDs: the diverging diamondinterchange (DDI) and the restricted crossing U-turn intersection. Thepotential enhancements of AID, CAV, and the combination of both are quantifiedvia microscopic traffic simulation. We found that CAV is able to positivelycontribute to the performance of an intersection. However, converting anexisting conventional diamond interchange (CDI) to a diverging one is a moreeffective way according to the simulation results. DDI improves the throughputof a CDI by 950 vehicles per hour, a near 20% improvement; whereas with fullpenetration of CAV, the throughput of a CDI is increased only by 300 vehiclesper hour. A similar trend is observed in the average delay per vehicle as well.Furthermore, we assess the impact for the driver's confusion, a concern fordeploying AIDs, on the traffic flow. According to the ANOVA test, the negativeimpacts of driver's confusion are of statistical significance.

Alternative Intersection Designs with Connected and Automated Vehicle