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The Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) and the Noise Power Spectrum (NPS)characterize imaging system sharpness/resolution and noise, respectively. Bothmeasures are based on linear system theory but are applied routinely to systemsemploying non-linear, content-aware image processing. For such systems,MTFs/NPSs are derived inaccurately from traditional test charts containingedges, sinusoids, noise or uniform tone signals, which are unrepresentative ofnatural scene signals. The dead leaves test chart delivers improvedmeasurements, but still has limitations when describing the performance ofscene-dependent systems. In this paper, we validate several novelscene-and-process-dependent MTF (SPD-MTF) and NPS (SPD-NPS) measures thatcharacterize, either: i) system performance concerning one scene, or ii)average real-world performance concerning many scenes, or iii) the level ofsystem scene-dependency. We also derive novel SPD-NPS and SPD-MTF measuresusing the dead leaves chart. We demonstrate that all the proposed measures arerobust and preferable for scene-dependent systems than current measures.

Validation of Modulation Transfer Functions and Noise Power Spectra from Natural Scenes