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In this work, we propose a novel coding scheme which based on thecharacteristics of NAND flash cells, generates codewords that reduce the energyconsumption and improve the reliability of solid-state drives. This novelcoding scheme, namely Inverted Limited Weight Coding (ILWC), favors a greaternumber of '1's appearing in its generated codewords at the cost of addedinformation redundancy, as a form of flag bits. This increase in the number ofbits valued as logical '1', in the generated codewords, will increase thenumber of cells that have lower threshold voltages. Through cells with lowerthreshold voltages, ILWC fruitfully reduces the SSD's program operation energyconsumption. Moreover, it increases the SSD's data retention rate andreliability by decreasing the threshold voltage of the cells. The evaluation ofour proposed coding method on three different SSDs, indicates more than 20%reduction in the SSD's program operation energy consumption. In addition, ILWCimproves the cells' data retention rate by decreasing their intrinsic electricfield by more than 18%. Moreover, the SSD's cell-to-cell coupling noise isdiminished with the help of 35% reduction in the worst-case threshold voltageshift in a cell's adjacent cells. All this leads to 5.3% reduction in the MLC'scell error rate. In addition, ILWC achieves 37.5% improvement in theperformance of the SSD program operation.

Low-power and Reliable Solid-state Drive with Inverted Limited Weight Coding