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This topic review communicates working experiences regarding interaction of amultiplicity of processes. Our experiences come from climate change modelling,materials science, cell physiology and public health, and macroeconomicmodelling. We look at the astonishing advances of recent years in broad-bandtemporal frequency sampling, multiscale modelling and fast large-scalenumerical simulation of complex systems, but also the continuing uncertainty ofmany science-based results.  We describe and analyse properties that depend on the time scale of themeasurement; structural instability; tipping points; thresholds; hysteresis;feedback mechanisms with runaways or stabilizations or delays. We point tograve disorientation in statistical sampling, the interpretation ofobservations and the design of control when neglecting the presence oremergence of multiple characteristic times.  We explain what these working experiences can demonstrate for environmentalresearch.

Multiplicity of time scales in climate, matter, life, and economy