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The paper considers autonomous rendezvous maneuver and proximity operationsof two spacecraft in presence of obstacles. A strategy that combines guidanceand control algorithms is analyzed. The proposed closed-loop system is able toguarantee a safe path in a real environment, as well as robustness with respectto external disturbances and dynamic obstacles. The guidance strategy exploitsa suitably designed Artificial Potential Field (APF), while the controllerrelies on Sliding Mode Control (SMC), for both position and attitude trackingof the spacecraft. As for the position control, two different first order SMCmethods are considered, namely the component-wise and the simplex-based controltechniques. The proposed integrated guidance and control strategy is validatedby extensive simulations performed with a six degree-of-freedom (DOF) orbitalsimulator and appears suitable for real-time control with minimal on-boardcomputational effort. Fuel consumption and control effort are evaluated,including different update frequencies of the closed-loop software.

Sliding Mode Control Techniques and Artificial Potential Field for Dynamic Collision Avoidance in Rendezvous Maneuvers