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The effectiveness of simple sensory cues for retraining gait have beendemonstrated, yet the feasibility of humanoid avatars for entrainment have yetto be investigated. Here, we describe the development of a novel method ofvisually cued training, in the form of a virtual partner, and investigate itsability to provide movement guidance in the form of stepping. Real steppingmovements were mapped onto an avatar using motion capture data. The trajectoryof one of the avatar step cycles was then accelerated or decelerated by 15% tocreate a perturbation. Healthy participants were motion captured whileinstructed to step in time to the avatar's movements, as viewed through avirtual reality headset. Step onset times were used to measure the timingerrors (asynchronies) between them. Participants completed either a visual-onlycondition, or auditory-visual with footstep sounds included. Participants'asynchronies exhibited slow drift in the Visual-Only condition, but becamestable in the Auditory-Visual condition. Moreover, we observed a clearcorrective response to the phase perturbation in both auditory-visualconditions. We conclude that an avatar's movements can be used to influence aperson's own gait, but should include relevant auditory cues congruent with themovement to ensure a suitable accuracy is achieved.

Multisensory cues facilitate coordination of stepping movements with a virtual reality avatar