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Social scientists have frequently sought to understand the distinct effectsof age, period, and cohort, but disaggregation of the three dimensions isdifficult because cohort = period - age. We argue that this technicaldifficulty reflects a disconnection between how cohort effect is conceptualizedand how it is modeled in the traditional age-period-cohort framework. Wepropose a new method, called the age-period-cohort-interaction (APC-I) model,that is qualitatively different from previous methods in that it representsRyder's (1965) theoretical account about the conditions under which cohortdifferentiation may arise. This APC-I model does not require problematicstatistical assumptions and the interpretation is straightforward. Itquantifies inter-cohort deviations from the age and period main effects andalso permits hypothesis testing about intra-cohort life-course dynamics. Wedemonstrate how this new model can be used to examine age, period, and cohortpatterns in women's labor force participation.

The Age-Period-Cohort-Interaction Model for Describing and Investigating Inter-Cohort Deviations and Intra-Cohort Life-Course Dynamics