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Turbulence plays an important part in determining the chemical and physicalprocesses, on both the micro- and macro-scales, whereby clouds are formed andbehave. However, exactly how these are linked together and how turbulenceimpacts each of these processes is not yet fully understood. This is partly dueto a lack of in-situ small scale fluctuation measurements due to a limitationin the available technology. It is in this context that the radiosondes, forwhich the material characterisation is presented in this paper, are beingdeveloped to generate a Lagrangian set of data which can be used to improve theever-expanding knowledge of atmospheric processes and, in particular, theunderstanding of the interaction between turbulence and micro-physicalphenomenologies inside clouds (www.complete-h2020network.eu). Specifically, thematerials developed for the balloons are discussed in further detail withinthis paper. Mater Bi and polylactic acid are the two common biodegradablethermoplastics that were used initially to make the balloons. To tailor theirproperties, the balloons were then coated with carnauba wax blended with eitherpine resin or SiO_2 nanoparticles. The properties such as hydrophobicity,toughness, elasticity and helium gas permeability are investigated and improvedin order to keep the density of the radiosondes as constant as possible for acouple of hours. This will allow them to float inside and outside clouds on anisopycnic surface, to measure various properties such as velocity, temperature,pressure and humidity by means of solid state sensors and to transmit them toreceivers on Earth. Tests have been made under a rigorous metrological approachcomparing the 6 new materials with two reference balloon materials, latex andmylar. It was found that Mater Bi with the two carnaubua wax coatings is themost suited..

Evaluation of Mater Bi and Polylactic Acid as materials for  biodegradable innovative mini-radiosondes to track small scale fluctuations  within clouds