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Distributed energy resources (DERs) can serve as non-wire alternatives (NWAs)to capacity expansion by managing peak load to avoid or delay traditionalexpansion projects. However, the value stream derived from using DERs as NWAsis usually not explicitly included in DER planning problems. In this paper, westudy a planning problem that co-optimizes investment and operation of DERs andthe timing of capacity expansion. By including the timing of capacity expansionas a decision variable, we naturally incorporate NWA value stream of DERs intothe planning problem. Furthermore, we show that even though the resultingoptimization problem could have millions of variables and is non-convex, anoptimal solution can be found by solving a series of smaller linear problems.Finally, we present a NWAs planning problem using real data from the SeattleCampus of the University of Washington.

Non-Wire Alternatives: an Additional Value Stream for Distributed Energy Resources