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In this paper, we propose an oversampling based low-resolution aware leastsquares channel estimator for large-scale multiple-antenna systems with 1-bitanalog-to-digital converters on each receive antenna. To mitigate theinformation loss caused by the coarse quantization, oversampling is applied atthe receiver, where the sampling rate is faster than the Nyquist rate. We alsocharacterize analytical performances, in terms of the deterministicCram\'er-Rao bounds, on estimating the channel parameters. Based on thecorrelation of the filtered noise, both the Fisher information for white noiseand a lower bound of Fisher information for colored noise are provided.Numerical results are provided to illustrate the mean square error performancesof the proposed channel estimator and the corresponding Cram\'er-Rao bound as afunction of the signal-to-noise ratio.

Study of Channel Estimation with Oversampling for 1-bit Large-Scale MIMO Systems