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Over the past three decades instruments on the ground and in space havediscovered thousands of planets outside the solar system. These observationshave given rise to an astonishingly detailed picture of the demographics ofshort-period planets, but are incomplete at longer periods where both thesensitivity of transit surveys and radial velocity signals plummet. Even moreglaring is that the spectra of planets discovered with these indirect methodsare either inaccessible (radial velocity detections) or only available for asmall subclass of transiting planets with thick, clear atmospheres. Directdetection can be used to discover and characterize the atmospheres of planetsat intermediate and wide separations, including non-transiting exoplanets.Today, a small number of exoplanets have been directly imaged, but theyrepresent only a rare class of young, self-luminous super-Jovian-mass objectsorbiting tens to hundreds of AU from their host stars. Atmosphericcharacterization of planets in the <5 AU regime, where radial velocity (RV)surveys have revealed an abundance of other worlds, is technically feasiblewith 30-m class apertures in combination with an advanced AO system,coronagraph, and suite of spectrometers and imagers. There is a vast range ofunexplored science accessible through astrometry, photometry, and spectroscopyof rocky planets, ice giants, and gas giants. In this whitepaper we will focuson one of the most ambitious science goals --- detecting for the first timehabitable-zone rocky (<1.6 R_Earth) exoplanets in reflected light around nearbyM-dwarfs

Directly Imaging Rocky Planets from the Ground