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Numerical simulations of fluids in astrophysics and computational fluiddynamics (CFD) are among the most computationally-demanding calculations, interms of sustained floating-point operations per second, or FLOP/s. It isexpected that these numerical simulations will significantly benefit from thefuture Exascale computing infrastructures, that will perform 10^18 FLOP/s. Theperformance of the SPH codes is, in general, adversely impacted by severalfactors, such as multiple time-stepping, long-range interactions, and/orboundary conditions. In this work an extensive study of three SPHimplementations SPHYNX, ChaNGa, and XXX is performed, to gain insights and toexpose any limitations and characteristics of the codes. These codes are thestarting point of an interdisciplinary co-design project, SPH-EXA, for thedevelopment of an Exascale-ready SPH mini-app. We implemented a rotating squarepatch as a joint test simulation for the three SPH codes and analyzed theirperformance on a modern HPC system, Piz Daint. The performance profiling andscalability analysis conducted on the three parent codes allowed to exposetheir performance issues, such as load imbalance, both in MPI and OpenMP.Two-level load balancing has been successfully applied to SPHYNX to overcomeits load imbalance. The performance analysis shapes and drives the design ofthe SPH-EXA mini-app towards the use of efficient parallelization methods,fault-tolerance mechanisms, and load balancing approaches.

SPH-EXA: Enhancing the Scalability of SPH codes Via an Exascale-Ready SPH Mini-App