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The nature of dark matter (DM) remains a mystery since it has so far eludeddetection in the laboratory. To that end, the Large Underground Xenon (LUX)experiment was built to directly observe the interaction of DM with xenontarget nuclei. LUX acquired data from April 2013 to May 2016 at SURF in SouthDakota, which led to publications of many world-leading exclusion limits thatprobe much of the unexplored DM parameter space. This manuscript describes twonovel direct detection methods that used the first LUX dataset to place limitson sub-GeV DM. The Bremsstrahlung and Migdal effects consider electron recoilsthat accompany the standard DM-nucleus scattering, thereby extending the reachof the LUX detector to lower DM masses. The spin-independent DM-nucleonscattering was constrained for four different classes of mediators for DMparticles with masses of 0.4-5 GeV/c$^{2}$. The detector conditions changedsignificantly before its final 332 live-days of data acquisition. The electricfields varied in a non-trivial non-symmetric manner, which triggered a need fora fully 3D model of the electric fields inside the LUX detector. The successfulmodeling of these electric fields, described herein, enabled a thoroughunderstanding of the detector throughout its scientific program andstrengthened its sensitivity to DM. The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment is anext-generation xenon detector soon to start searching for DM. However,increasingly large noble liquid detectors like LZ are facing challenges withapplications of high voltage (HV). The Xenon Breakdown Apparatus (XeBrA) at theLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory was built to characterize the HV behaviorof liquid xenon and liquid argon. Results from XeBrA will serve not only toimprove our understanding of the physical processes involved in the breakdownbut also to inform the future of noble liquid detector engineering.

Sub-GeV Dark Matter Searches and Electric Field Studies for the LUX and LZ Experiments