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An Equivalent Circuit Programming (ECP) approach that expresses theoptimality conditions of an optimization problem in terms of an equivalentcircuit model and uses circuit simulation techniques to solve for an optimalsolution, is applied to the state estimation problem for power systems. Thebenefits of using an equivalent circuit formulation for incorporating bothPhasor Measurement Units (PMU) and Remote Terminal Units (RTU), as well as forreducing the nonlinearities of the state estimation problem was previouslydemonstrated. In this paper we further exploit the circuit nature of the stateestimation problem to formulate not only the model but also the optimalityconditions as an ECP problem. The efficiency and accuracy of our approach aredemonstrated by estimating the states of large-scale power grids (80k+ buses).

Equivalent Circuit Programming for Estimating the State of a Power System