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Infrastructure in future smart and connected communities is envisioned as anaggregate of public services, including the energy, transportation andcommunication systems, all intertwined with each other. The intrinsicinterdependency among these systems may exert underlying influence on bothdesign and operation of the heterogeneous infrastructures. However, few priorstudies have tapped into the interdependency among the three systems in orderto quantify their potential impacts during standard operation. In response tothis, this paper proposes an open source, flexible, integrated modelingframework suitable for designing coupled energy, transportation, andcommunication systems and for assessing the impact of their interdependencies.First, a novel multi-level, multi-layer, multi-agent approach is proposed toenable flexible modeling of the interconnected energy, transportation, andcommunication systems. Then, for the framework's proof-of-concept, preliminarycomponent and system-level models for different systems are designed andimplemented using Modelica, an equation-based object-oriented modelinglanguage. Finally, three case studies of gradually increasing complexity arepresented (energy, energy + transportation, energy + transportation +communication) to evaluate the interdependencies among the three systems.Quantitative analyses show that the deviation of the average velocity on theroad can be 10.5\% and the deviation of the power draw from the grid can be 7\%with or without considering the transportation and communication system at thepeak commute time, indicating the presence of notable interdependencies. Theproposed modeling framework also has the potential to be further extended forvarious modeling purposes and use cases, such as dynamic modeling andoptimization, resilience analysis, and integrated decision making in futureconnected communities.

An Open Source Modeling Framework for Interdependent Energy-Transportation- Communication Infrastructure in Smart and Connected Communities