English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

The formation of Hoag-type galaxies with central spheroidal galaxies andouter stellar rings has yet to be understood in astronomy. We consider thatthese unique objects were formed from the past interaction between ellipticalgalaxies and gas-rich dwarf galaxies. We have modelled this potential formationprocess through simulation. These numerical simulations are a means ofinvestigating this formation hypothesis, however the parameter space to beexplored for these simulations is vast. Through the application of machinelearning and computational science, we implement a new two-fold method to findthe best model parameters for stellar rings in the simulations. First, testparticle simulations are run to find a possible range of parameters for whichstellar rings can be formed around elliptical galaxies (i.e. Hoag-typegalaxies). A novel combination of particle swarm optimisation and Siameseneural networks has been implemented to perform the search over the parameterspace and test the level of consistency between observations and simulationsfor numerous models. Upon the success of this initial step, we subsequently runfull chemodynamical simulations for the derived range of model parameters inorder to verify the output of the test particle simulations. We successfullyfind parameter sets at which stellar rings can be formed from the interactionbetween a gas-rich dwarf galaxy and a central elliptical galaxy. This isevidence that supports our hypothesis about the formation process of Hoag-typegalaxies. In addition, this suggests that our new two-fold method has beensuccessfully implemented in this problem search-space and can be investigatedfurther in future applications. ~

Automated Simulations of Galaxy Morphology Evolution using Deep Learning and Particle Swarm Optimisation