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Space heating in buildings is becoming a key element of sector-coupled energysystem research. Data availability limits efforts to model the buildingssector, because heat consumption is not directly metered in most countries.Space heating is often related to weather through the proxy of heatingdegree-days using a specific heating threshold temperature, but methods varybetween studies. This study estimates country-specific heating thresholdtemperatures using widely and publicly available consumption and weather data.This allows for national climate and culture-specific human behaviour to becaptured in energy systems modelling. National electricity and gas consumptiondata are related to degree-days through linear models, and Akaike's InformationCriteria is used to define the summer season in each country, when spaceheating is not required. We find that the heating threshold temperaturescomputed using daily, weekly and monthly aggregated consumption data arestatistically indifferent. In general, threshold temperatures for gas heatingcentre around 15.0 +/- 1.7 degree C (daily averaged temperature), while heatingby electricity averages to 13.4 +/- 2.4 degree C. We find no evidence of spaceheating during June, July and August, even if heating degree-days are present.

Estimating country-specific space heating threshold temperatures from national consumption data