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The metal to insulator transition (MIT) in Mott-Hubbard systems is one of themost important discoveries in condensed matter physics, and results in abruptorbital transitions from the insulating to metallic phases by elevatingtemperature across a critical point (TMIT). Although the MIT was previouslyexpected to be mainly driven by the orbital Coulomb repulsion energy, theentropy contribution to the orbital free energy that also determines therelative stability of the metallic and insulating phases was largelyoverlooked. Herein, we demonstrate an orbital-entropy dominated reversibleelectronic phase transition in the metastable perovskite family of correlatedrare-earth nicklates (ReNiO3), in addition to their previously known MIT drivenby orbital Coulomb energies. In reverse to MIT, the resistivity of ReNiO3abruptly increases by 2-3 orders by elevating T across another critical point(TR-MIT) below TMIT, and such transition is named as reverse-metal to insulatortransition (R-MIT). Combining the afterwards exponentially decreasingresistivity in the insulating phase of ReNiO3 at further temperature elevation,a distinguished delta-temperatural transport character is established, which ispotentially applicable for locking the working temperatures range for electricdevices. The TR-MIT is shown to be enhanced via reducing the compositionalcomplexity and size of Re or imparting bi-axial compressive strains, andmeanwhile the transition sharpness of delta-temperatural transport is reduced.Our discovery indicates that temperature range for a thermodynamically stableinsulating phase of ReNiO3 is in between of TR-MIT and TMIT, while a newconductive phase with high orbital entropy is formed by further descendingtemperature below TR-MIT.

Entropy driven reverse-metal-to-insulator transition and delta-temperatural transports in metastable perovskites of correlated rare-earth nickelate