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For the 5th Generation (5G) networks, Third Generation Partnership Project(3GPP) is considering standardization of various solutions for trafficaggregation using licensed and unlicensed spectrum, to meet the rising datademands. IP Flow Mobility (IFOM) is a multi access connectivitysolution/protocol standardized by the Internet Engineering Task force (IETF)and 3GPP in Release 10. It enables concurrent access for an User Equipment (UE)to Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets) such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) and IEEE802.11 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). IFOM enabled UEs have multipleinterfaces to connect to HetNets. They can have concurrent flows with differenttraffic types over these networks and can seamlessly switch the flows from onenetwork to the other. In this paper, we focus on two objectives. First is toinvestigate the performance parameters e.g. throughput, latency, tunnellingoverhead, packet loss, energy cost etc. of IFOM enabled UEs (IeUs) in HetNetsof LTE and WLAN. We have proposed a novel mechanism to maximize the throughputof IeUs achieving a significant throughput gain with low latency for the IeUs.We have explored further and observed a throughput energy trade off for lowdata rate flows. To address this, we also propose a smart energy efficient andthroughput optimization algorithm for the IeUs, resulting in a substantialreduction in energy cost, while maintaining the high throughput at lowerlatency and satisfying the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of the IeUs.

Performance and Energy Conservation of 3GPP IFOM Protocol for Dual Connectivity in Heterogeneous LTE-WLAN Network