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We investigate the usefulness of quantitative ultrasound (QUS) and B-modetexture features for characterization of ulnar nerve fascicles. Ultrasound datawere acquired from cadaveric specimens using a nominal 30 MHz probe. Next, thenerves were extracted to prepare histology sections. 85 fascicles were matchedbetween the B-mode images and the histology sections. For each fascicle image,we selected an intra-fascicular region of interest. We used histology sectionsto determine features related to the concentration of collagen and myelin, andultrasound data to calculate backscatter coefficient (-24.89 dB $\pm$ 8.31),attenuation coefficient (0.92 db/cm-MHz $\pm$ 0.04), Nakagami parameter (1.01$\pm$ 0.18) and entropy (6.92 $\pm$ 0.83), as well as B-mode texture featuresobtained via the gray level co-occurrence matrix algorithm. SignificantSpearman's rank correlations between the combined collagen and myelinconcentrations were obtained for the backscatter coefficient (R=-0.68), entropy(R=-0.51), and for several texture features. Our study demonstrates that QUSmay potentially provide information on structural components of nervefascicles.

Quantitative Ultrasound and B-mode Image Texture Features Correlate with Collagen and Myelin Content in Human Ulnar Nerve Fascicles