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We consider clustered small-world networks with both inhibitory (I) andexcitatory (E) populations. This I-E neuronal network has adaptive dynamic I toE and E to I interpopulation synaptic strengths, governed by interpopulationspike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP). In previous works without STDPs, fastsparsely synchronized rhythms, related to diverse cognitive functions, werefound to appear in a range of noise intensity $D$ for static synapticstrengths. By varying $D$, we investigate the effect of interpopulation STDPson diverse population and individual properties of fast sparsely synchronizedrhythms that emerge in both the I- and the E-populations. Depending on valuesof $D$, long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) forpopulation-averaged values of saturated interpopulation synaptic strengths arefound to occur, and they make effects on the degree of fast sparsesynchronization. In a broad region of intermediate $D$, the degree of goodsynchronization (with higher spiking measure) becomes decreased, while in aregion of large $D$, the degree of bad synchronization (with lower spikingmeasure) gets increased. Consequently, in each I- or E-population, thesynchronization degree becomes nearly the same in a wide range of $D$. Thiskind of "equalization effect" is found to occur via cooperative interplaybetween the average occupation and pacing degrees of fast sparsely synchronizedrhythms. We note that the equalization effect in interpopulation synapticplasticity is distinctly in contrast to the Matthew (bipolarization) effect inintrapopulation (I to I and E to E) synaptic plasticity where good (bad)synchronization gets better (worse). Finally, emergences of LTP and LTD ofinterpopulation synaptic strengths are intensively investigated via amicroscopic method based on the distributions of time delays between the pre-and the post-synaptic spike times.

Effect of Interpopulation Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity on Synchronized Rhythms in Neuronal Networks with Inhibitory and Excitatory Populations