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Motivated by the concept of partial ergodicity, we present an alternativedescription of covalent and ionic glassy solids as statistical ensembles ofcrystalline local minima on the potential energy surface. We show analyticallythat the radial distribution function (RDF) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD)intensity of ergodic systems can be rigorously formulated as statisticalensemble averages, which we evaluate for amorphous silicon and glassy silicathrough the first-principles random structure sampling. We show that usingstructures with unit cells as small as 24 atoms, we are able to accuratelyreplicate the experimental RDF and XRD pattern for amorphous silicon as well asthe key structural features for glassy silica, thus supporting the ensemblenature of the glasses and opening the door to fully predictive descriptionwithout the need for experimental inputs.

The Glassy Solid as a Statistical Ensemble of Crystalline Microstates