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Enabling users to move to different geographical locations within a networkand still be able to maintain their connectivity and most essentially,continuity of service, is what makes any wireless network ubiquitous. Whilstchallenging, modern day wireless networks, such as 3GPP-LTE, provisionsatisfactory mobility management (MM) performance. However, it is estimatedthat the number of mobile subscriptions will approximately touch 9 billion andthe amount of data traffic will expand by 5 times in 2024 as compared to 2018.Further, it is expected that this trend of exponential growth will bemaintained well into the future. To cope with such an exponential increase incellular traffic and users alongside a burgeoning demand for higher Quality ofService (QoS), the future networks are expected to be highly dense andheterogeneous. This will severely challenge the existing MM solutions andultimately render them ineffective as they will not be able to provide therequired reliability, flexibility, and scalability. Consequently, to serve the5G and beyond 5G networks, a new perspective to MM is required. Hence, in thisarticle we present a novel discussion of the functional requirements from MMstrategies for these networks. We present a novel qualitative assessment of thestate-of-the-art mechanisms based on their ability to satisfy the reliability,flexibility and scalability criteria for future MM strategies. We then presenta study detailing the research challenges that exist in the design andimplementation of MM strategies for 5G and beyond networks. Further, we chartout the potential MM solutions and the associated capabilities they offer totackle the persistent challenges. We conclude this paper with a vision for the5G and beyond MM mechanisms.

Are Mobility Management Solutions Ready for 5G and Beyond?