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The joint design of control and communication scheduling in a NetworkedControl System (NCS) is known to be a hard problem. Several research works havesuccessfully designed optimal sampling and/or control strategies undersimplified communication models, where transmission delays/times are negligibleor fixed. However, considering sophisticated communication models, with randomtransmission times, result in highly coupled and difficult-to-solve optimaldesign problems due to the parameter inter-dependencies betweenestimation/control and communication layers. To tackle this problem, in thiswork, we investigate the applicability of Age-of-Information (AoI) for solvingcontrol/estimation problems in an NCS under i.i.d. transmission times. Ourmotivation for this investigation stems from the following facts: 1) recentresults indicate that AoI can be tackled under relatively sophisticatedcommunication models, and 2) a lower AoI in an NCS may result in a lowerestimation/control cost. We study a joint optimization of sampling andscheduling for a single-loop stochastic LTI networked system with the objectiveof minimizing the time-average squared norm of the estimation error. We firstshow that under mild assumptions on information structure the optimal controlpolicy can be designed independently from the sampling and scheduling policies.We then derive a key result that minimizing the estimation error is equivalentto minimizing a function of AoI when the sampling decisions are independent ofthe state of the LTI system. Noting that minimizing the function of AoI is astochastic combinatorial optimization problem and is hard to solve, we resortto heuristic algorithms obtained by extending existing algorithms in the AoIliterature. We also identify a class of LTI system dynamics for whichminimizing the estimation error is equivalent to minimizing the expected AoI.

Performance Characterization Using AoI in a Single-loop Networked Control System