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Drought is one of the most devastating environmental disasters. Analyzinghistorical changes in climate extremes is critical for mitigating its adverseimpacts in the future. In the present study, the spatial and temporalcharacteristics of the global severe droughts using Palmer Drought IntensityIndex (PDSI) from 1900 to 2014 are explored. K-means clustering is implementedto partition the extreme negative PDSI values. The global extreme droughtsmagnitude around the world from 1950 to 1980 were less intense compared to theother decades. In 2012, the largest areas around the world, especially Canada,experienced their most severe historical droughts. Results show that the mostrecent extreme droughts occurred in some regions such as the North of Canada,central regions of the US, Southwest of Europe and Southeast Asia. We foundthat after 1980, the spatial extent of the regions that experienced extremedrought have increased substantially.

Clustering and Trend Analysis of Global Extreme Droughts from 1900 to 2014