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Atmospheric dust plays an important role on the terrestrial climate,regulating the amount of solar radiation coming to the surface, affecting thedevelopment and the life time of the clouds and providing fundamental nutrientsto the growth of the terrestrial and oceanic biomes. On Mars, the global effectof dust is even stronger due to the widespread presence of sources and the lackof vegetation and oceans able to mitigate its contribution. The DREAMS stationand the Dust Complex, on board of the ExoMars 2016 and 2020 missionrespectively, have been specifically developed for the study of the Martianairborne dust. During my Phd I joined the team that lead the DREAMS experimentand the MicroMed sensor of the Dust Complex. As a part of the instrumentsdeveloping and the acquisition of martian analogous data, our team has carriedout various campaigns in the Sahara desert, to study the environment and thelifting phenomena that are expected on Mars. We monitored the dust liftingevents by acquiring, for the first time in literature, synchronous measurementof meteorological data, atmospheric electric field, saltation activity andsuspended dust concentration. Currently, this is the most complete data setavailable for the study of the dust lifting processes. We worked on thedevelopment of proper detection algorithms to individuate the dust eventsacquired in the surveys, applicable also to the future martian missions. Westudied the characteristic of the observed dust storm and dust devils activity,focusing on their electric proprieties. In particular, we obtained the firstexperimental indications of how the induced electric field is related to theamount of suspended grains and meteorological characteristics of the events. Wecompared the terrestrial results with the currently available martian data, inorder to prepare the analysis of the next ExoMars measurements.

Characterisation of dust events on Earth and Mars: the ExoMars/DREAMS experiment and the field campaigns in the Sahara desert