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We use He$^+$ irradiation to tune the nonlinearity, $\mathcal{N}$, ofall-perpendicular spin-torque nano-oscillators (STNOs) using the He$^+$fluence-dependent perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) of the [Co/Ni] freelayer. Employing fluences from 6 to 20$\times10^{14}$~He$^{+}$/cm$^{2}$, we areable to tune $\mathcal{N}$ in an in-plane field from strongly positive tomoderately negative. As the STNO microwave signal properties are mainlygoverned by $\mathcal{N}$, we can in this way directly control the thresholdcurrent, the current tunability of the frequency, and the STNO linewidth. Inparticular, we can dramatically improve the latter by more than two orders ofmagnitude. Our results are in good agreement with the theory for nonlinearauto-oscillators, confirm theoretical predictions of the role of nonlinearity,and demonstrate a straightforward path towards improving the microwaveproperties of STNOs.

Tuning spin torque nano-oscillator nonlinearity using He+ irradiation