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The theoretical formulation of driven polymer translocation through nanoporesis complicated by the combination of the pore electrohydrodynamics and thenonequilibrium polymer dynamics originating from the conformational polymerfluctuations. In this review, we discuss the modeling of polymer translocationin the distinct regimes of short and long polymers where these two effectsdecouple. For the case of short polymers where polymer fluctuations arenegligible, we present a stiff polymer model including the details of theelectrohydrodynamic forces on the translocating molecule. We first show thatthe electrohydrodynamic theory can accurately characterize the hydrostaticpressure dependence of the polymer translocation velocity and time inpressure-voltage-driven polymer trapping experiments. Then, we discuss theelectrostatic correlation mechanisms responsible for the experimentallyobserved DNA mobility inversion by added multivalent cations in solid-statepores, and the rapid growth of polymer capture rates by added monovalent saltin $\alpha$-Hemolysin pores. In the opposite regime of long polymers wherepolymer fluctuations prevail, we review the iso-flux tension propagation (IFTP)theory which can characterize the translocation dynamics at the level of singlesegments. The IFTP theory is valid for a variety of polymer translocation andpulling scenarios. We discuss the predictions of the theory for fully flexibleand rodlike pore-driven and end-pulled translocation scenarios, where exactanalytic results can be derived for the scaling of the translocation time withchain length and driving force.

Theoretical modeling of polymer translocation: From the electrohydrodynamics of short polymers to the fluctuating long polymers