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Neuronal excitability is known to be affected by transcranial electricalstimulation. However, due to the existence of both excitatory and inhibitoryneurons in the cortex, the mechanism of neuronal excitability shift is stillnot clear. Here, we study electrical stimulation disturbance on neuronalexcitability in the neuromuscular system on an acute rat model. We design aspecial stimulation waveform of enveloped high frequency stimulation (EHFS).With modeling and in vivo measurements, EHFS is confirmed to synchronize theneuronal recruitment at the positive and negative electrode. This uniquesynchronization property of EHFS amplifies the electrical stimulationdisturbance on neuronal excitability, to enable the macroscopic observations oflarge increase and decrease of force output. By eliminating the complicatedinhibitory interneuron effects in the cortex, our observations on theneuromuscular system supports the argument that electrical stimulationdynamically shifts neuronal excitability, by inducing depolarization duringanodal stimulation and hyperpolarization during cathodal stimulation.

The Dynamic Shift of Neuron Excitability Observed with Enveloped High Frequency Stimulation