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Traditional wired data center networks (DCNs) suffer from cabling complexity,lack flexibility, and are limited by the speed of digital switches. In thispaper, we alternatively develop a top-down traffic grooming (TG) approach tothe design and provisioning of mission-critical optical wireless DCNs. Whileswitches are modeled as hybrid optoelectronic cross-connects, links are modeledas wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) capable free-space optic (FSO)channels. Using the standard TG terminology, we formulate the optimalmixed-integer TG problem considering the virtual topology, flow conversation,connection topology, non-bifurcation, and capacity constraints. Thereafter, wedevelop a fast yet efficient sub-optimal solution which grooms mice flows (MFs)and mission-critical flows (CFs) and forward on predetermined rack-to-rack(R2R) lightpaths. On the other hand, elephant flows (EFs) are forwarded overdedicated server-to-server (S2S) express lightpaths whose routes and capacityare dynamically determined based on the availability of wavelength andcapacity. To prioritize the CFs, we consider low and high priority queues andanalyze the delay characteristics such as waiting times, maximum hop counts,and blocking probability. As a result of grooming the sub-wavelength trafficand adjusting the wavelength capacities, numerical results show that theproposed solutions can achieve significant performance enhancement by utilizingthe bandwidth more efficiently, completing the flows faster than delaysensitivity requirements, and avoiding the traffic congestion by treating EFsand MFs separately.

Design and Provision of Traffic Grooming for Optical Wireless Data Center Networks