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The region of the Columbia plot with two light quark flavors is not yetconclusively understood. Non-perturbative effects, e.g. the magnitude of theanomalous U(1) axial symmetry breaking, decides on the nature of the phasetransition in this region. We report on our study of this region of theColumbia plot using lattice techniques. We use gauge field ensembles generatedwithin the Highly Improved Staggered Quark discretization scheme, with thestrange quark mass fixed at its physical value and the light quark mass variedsuch that $m_l=m_s/27$ and $m_s/40$, where $m_l=m_s/27$ corresponds to thephysical light quark mass. We study the eigenvalue spectrum of QCD using theoverlap Dirac operator on these gauge field ensembles at finite temperaturearound the chiral transition temperature $T_c$, as the light quark massesapproach the chiral limit, and infer about the fate of the anomalous $U_A(1)$symmetry breaking.

The fate of axial U(1) in 2+1 flavor QCD towards the chiral limit