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Intel memory protection keys (MPK) is a new hardware feature to supportthread-local permission control on groups of pages without requiringmodification of page tables. Unfortunately, its current hardware implementationand software supports suffer from security, scalability, and semantic-gapproblems: (1) MPK is vulnerable to protection-key-use-after-free andprotection-key corruption; (2) MPK does not scale due to hardware limitations;and (3) MPK is not perfectly compatible with mprotect() because it does notsupport permission synchronization across threads.  In this paper, we propose libmpk, a software abstraction for MPK. libmpkvirtualizes protection keys to eliminate the protection-key-use-after-free andprotection-key corruption problems while supporting a tremendous number ofmemory page groups. libmpk also prevents unauthorized writes to its metadataand supports inter-thread key synchronization. We apply libmpk to threereal-world applications: OpenSSL, JavaScript JIT compiler, and Memcached formemory protection and isolation. An evaluation shows that libmpk introducesnegligible performance overhead (<1%) compared with insecure versions, andimproves their performance by 8.1x over secure equivalents using mprotect().The source code of libmpk will be publicly available and maintained as an opensource project.

libmpk: Software Abstraction for Intel Memory Protection Keys