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Thin-film solar cells that are considered as the second generation of solarcells are known for their low cost and acceptable efficiency. In thistechnology, semiconductor layers with a thickness of micrometer are depositedon thick enough substrates to maintain physical consistency. The relatively lowprocessing temperature helps use substrates of different materials. Comparedwith crystalline solar cells, which are mainly made up of rigid flat plates, itis also possible to make thin-film cells on flexible or non-flat substrates. Inthis study, a method was first proposed to calculate the efficiency of suchcells without the need for 3D simulation, and then it is investigated usingnon-flat conical and paraboloid substrates as a novel method to enhance thelight trapping. As a result, a significant increase in the efficiency of thestudied non-flat cells was observed and reported in comparison with the flatcells. In addition, the paraboloid shape shows a better performance than thatof the conical, to use as the cell's substrate.

Concept of round non-flat thin film solar cells and their power conversion efficiency calculation